Reflection-Middle East News Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection-Middle East News - Essay Example The author rightly identifies the existence of the jihadist threat as a reason for continued despair. Furthermore, the presence of religious and political extremist in Syria, Iraq, Turkey, and Iran among others remain a huge impediment to realization of peace. The most important aspect ahead of the full stretch of the current year is the unlikelihood to end war in the Middle East. True to this concern, the war in the region has extensively exploded with Syria getting at the edge of collapse. Serious secession of the Muslim extremist group and youth unrest continue to cause tension. The psychology of â€Å"we versus them† has increasingly divert the essence of international intervention.Moreover, the author explicitly projected that it is through foreign intervention, military and diplomatic efforts that would quench the war. Subsequently, this has been strategy since the explosion of the war. Certainly, these raft of measures that been put in place continue to yield frustratin gly failing. Notably, these old strategies have in place since the U.S interventions in early 1990s. As rightly expressed by the author the pressure from the western powers would continue to raise temperatures in already boiling region.In a rare but unlikely situation, these international interventions would yield fruits. However, the author just like any other objective reflection concur that this may not be coming any soon. What has been seen in the ground in increasing tension and efforts to avenge fight.

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 67

Assignment - Essay Example It has a clear unity of purpose and each of the members values these objectives. There is collective participation of the group members in the group discussions. There is also freedom of expression of the varied opinions of the members, and they are considered in the decision-making process. The members also value the differences between themselves, and they are managed effectively (Woodcock and Dave 14). An ineffective team presents with the absence of trust between the members that is presented by the perception of vulnerability of some members. There are also conflicts that arise due to the inability to engage all the aspects of a passionate discussion. There is also a lack of commitment towards the achievement of the goals and the objectives of the group. There is also a need of accountability of the parties towards the achievement of the goals. The members are inattentive to the results, by placing their individual considerations above the objectives. Before the teams come together, the goals of the members must be clearly defined by the allocating personnel. The group will have to meet and familiarize with themselves, and choose a leader for the group. The members should then be open to the suggestion of each of the members in order to accommodate all the opinions (Woodcock and Dave 14). The leader is central in enforcing these considerations, because they unite all the members. The team leader provides the guide to the members about the need to achieve the goals of the group. They should motivate the team members, and make them understand the essence of the team. In case of conflicts, the leader requires to counsel the members, and reinforce unity. Any miscommunications should be addressed by the leaders, and apologies made where necessary (Woodcock and Dave 14). The members should also be able to listen and understand the greater dimension of their objectives. They should enhance emotional compatibility, in order to

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Example for Free

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Throughout the entire novel of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, everyone is inquiring or investigating about something. The characters are either meddling in someone else’s business or they become curious about something scientific. Because of this curiosity, different people get in trouble in some way. In the first chapter, Mr. Utterson’s friend Mr. Enfield says, â€Å"You start a question, and it’s like starting a stone. You sit quietly on the top of a hill; and away the stone goes, starting others; and presently some bland old bird (the last you would have thought of) is knocked on the head in his own back garden and the family have to change their name. No sir, I make it a rule of mine: the more it looks like Queer Street, the less I ask.† (35). This is an important epigraph for the entire novella because when Dr. Jekyll, Mr. Utterson, and Mr. Lanyon become curious, someone gets in trouble. The most important example of someone being inquisitive is in the Case of Dr. Jekyll. He questions whether man can be split in two; one half would be the evil half and the other half would be strictly a good-intentioned gentleman. (79) Dr. Jekyll does this experiment on himself but something goes wrong and he becomes strictly his evil side. This transformation allows him to have a separate persona, a separate life. He thrives of off the power he feels when he becomes Mr. Hyde. (81) This leads to his ultimate downfall. He finds it so hard to keep his old self. This constant changing back and forth leads him to eventually kill himself because he has lost hope. His original curiosity of trying to make him self solely good is what leads to his demise in the end. (93) Mr. Utterson’s curiosity about his close friend, Dr. Jekyll, adds to Jekyll’s final, suicidal decision. His investigation of the mysteriousness around the door and Dr. Jekyll begins when he reads Dr. Jekyll’s will. As a lawyer, he should not question the motives behind Jekyll’s peculiar will but instead he tries to pry into his friend’s life to ensure that nothing ‘sketchy’ is going on. This is a question that should not be asked because it is not any of his business but he still tries to figure it out. (37) This leads to another curiosity for Utterson. He feels as though he needs to see Hyde’s face. He waits at the door simply to see his face, to be able to place his finger on why people are so disturbed by him. This is not a necessary question to be asked and it causes more skepticism about the relationship between Jekyll and Hyde. (40) The unclearness of the relationship puts pressure on Jekyll, leading to his breakdown. Finally, Lanyon’s curiosity-downfall spiral is the most obvious. Jekyll goes to Lanyon first, asking him to retrieve a drawer from his laboratory and give it to Hyde. When Hyde asks if he wants to see the transformation, Lanyon being nosy says yes. (55) His starting of a question ‘starts the stone’ and it leads to his death. He is so shocked about seeing his friend transform that he eventually dies. This never would have happened if did not agree to seeing Jekyll and Hyde. (57) Overall, the characters in this book show a lot of curiousity about Jekyll and Hyde. As the quote says, â€Å"You start a question, and it’s like starting a stone.† (35). The characters start a questions and â€Å"presently some bland old bird is knocked on the head in his own back garden and the family have to change their name.† These questions have been about Jekyll and Hyde and so ultimately someone ends up getting hurt of getting in trouble. This is a theme throughout the whole novel which is why this quote serves as a good epigraph for the novella.

Tourism in the Algarve: History and Sustainable Development

Tourism in the Algarve: History and Sustainable Development Introduction The Algarve is the southernmost province of Portugal and has gained a reputation in recent years as a popular tourist destination. Visitors now flock to the region each year in order to sample the agreeable climate, landscape and culture. A plethora of modern amusement parks, leisure facilities and golf courses await the prospective tourist and offer an impressive array of activities to chose from. The tourist industry has been growing steadily in the Algarve since the 1960s, and over 4,5 million arrivals were recorded at Faro international airport in 2003. Indeed, when one considers that in 1960 only 353,000 foreign tourists visited the province, one could easily refer to the recent developments as a veritable ‘tourist boom.’[1] Such a surge in activity has naturally provided a great deal of economic benefit at a local and national level. As Boniface and Cooper have noted, tourism is now a fundamental component of the Portuguese economy and accounts for 8 per cent of GDP.[2] However, the rapid expansion of tourist development on the coastal areas of the Algarve has raised serious concerns regarding the environmental impact of the industry. Many commentators are now questioning the sustainability of tourism and other commercial projects throughout the province. Indeed, as well as environmental considerations, the prospect of an increasingly competitive internationa l tourist market also exacerbates anxiety. Thus, will it be possible to maintain the thriving tourist sector and sustain commercial development in the Algarve? The Geography of the Algarve The climate of the Algarve is highly conducive to the tourist and leisure industries. Temperatures range from a comfortable 15 °C in January to a peak of 28 °C in July. Average rainfall is only 1mm in July, whilst during the winter period it rises to 70mm.[3] Tourist numbers peak during the summer months of June to August but the mildness of the winter months has permitted entrepreneurs with the opportunity to promote all year round tourism. The province spans 160 km from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Spanish border in the east, and extends for 30 to 40 km inland from the southern coast.[4] Over 300 km of coastline boasts some of the finest beaches in Europe. Wuerpel has divided the province into three distinct areas, these are the mountainous, hilly and lower heterogeneous zones.[5] The mountainous region is sparsely populated and the stony soils in many areas are restrictive to agricultural practices. However, the higher rainfall and more agreeable bed rock of Serra de Monchique in the west provide excellent mountain pastures. The highest peak in the Algarve (Foia) is located in this range and at 902 metres has become something of a tourist attraction. The hilly central region which forms a ‘crescent’ shape between the mountains and the coastline is named the ‘Barrocal’ by the local peoples. The fine terra-rosa soils of this zone support the orange, almond and fig orchards of the province, as well as the vineyards and olive crops. This area represents the true ‘garden of the Algarve’ and the small villages, which have maintained much of their traditional character, are to be found here.[6] Tourist operators have begun to promote the cultural heritage of these settlements and encourage visits further inland. The coastal vicinity forms Weurpel’s lower Heterogeneous zone, and it is this area which has experienced the most pressure from recent developments in the tourist and leisure industries. The geography of the coastline can be readily divided into two separate sections east and west of the town of Faro, which is the largest settlement in the province and serves as the administrative centre. Picturesque bays, grottoes, coves and outcrops are evident to the west, whilst to the east the coast is flatter with sandy offshore islets (ilhas) and mud flats. Ellingham, Fisher and Kenyon have highlighted that most tourist development seems to have taken place between Faro and the town of Albufeira. They speak of the ‘Mediterranean style suburbia’ and ‘endless villa complexes’ which now dominate this stretch of coastline.[7] The resident population of the Algarve is approximately 350,000. However, the influx of tourists, time-share owners, second home residents and seasonal workers, during the months of June to September, ensures a considerably larger summer population. Tourism is the major industry of the province and represents almost 70% of economic activity. The agricultural and fishing industries continue to play their role despite the recent tourist boom. Portugal is also one of the world’s leading exporters of cork and the cork oak trees of the Algarve are a lucrative source of this product. The History of Tourism in the Algarve The Algarve’s rise to become the ‘tourist Mecca of Portugal’[8] has been relatively recent. Wuerpel has noted that the province was always a ‘fundamentally quiet and remote region’[9] situated on the periphery of continental Europe. Ancient Roman ruins may be observed throughout the region, and the ancient fortified city of Silves is testimony to the influence of Moorish civilisation. The restoration of the town of Sagres, which was developed by Henry the Navigator in the 15th century as an important naval centre, now serves as a tourist attraction. However, as Kaplan has highlighted ‘the Algarve is not rich in historical monuments.’[10] This is partly due to the deleterious earthquake of 1755 which destroyed many of the ancient sites of antiquity. Wuerpel has commended the province for its unique character by noting that ‘the region has remained singularly distinctive, more Mediterranean than Atlantic, more African than European.â €™[11] Visits to the Algarve, before the coming of the railway in the late 19th century, were mainly restricted to the health spas of the upland region, such as Caldas de Monchique which dates from the 17th century. Communications between Lisbon and the Algarve were poor and consisted of crude mule trails. In 1889 a railroad arrived in Faro and a gradual east/west expansion of the line continued into the 20th century. The 1898 edition of Baedeker’s guide book of Spain and Portugal only speaks of the small towns of Faro and Loue, which were by then accessible by train. However, by the 1908 edition the author is more revealing when he states that ‘most travellers will scarcely find it worthwhile to visit South Portugal’ and adds, ‘the towns contain nothing of much interest while the places on the coast resemble large fishing villages.’[12] Indeed, prior to the second world war Portugal was an unfashionable resort and tourism remained a peripheral industry. In the 1930s only 36,000 tourists were visiting the country on an annual basis compared to over 5 million who visited the more well-known resorts of Italy.[13] As Andrew Holden has explained, ‘since the 1950s there has been a rapid increase in the demand in western societies for people to travel internationally and visit a variety of different destinations.’[14] The post-war economic boom and subsequent rise in disposable income levels now permits more and more people with the opportunity to travel. Since the 1960s Portugal has benefited economically from the influx of tourists and the coming of mass tourism. Improved communication links, such as the international airport near Faro which was opened in 1965, have boosted the performance of the tourist and leisure sectors considerably. Tourist numbers have exhibited an almost continuous upward trend since the 1950s, save for a slight downturn in the 1970s after the April Revolution. Sustainable Development The notion of ‘sustainable development’ has been promoted by agencies at a local, national and international level since the 1980s. An increased awareness of the finite nature of natural resources within the modern global economy has dramatically altered the decision making process. Holden has noted that the concept of conservation can be traced back to the mid-nineteenth century but that the principles of ‘sustainable development’ have evolved rapidly in recent years. The publication of the Brundtland Report in 1987 and the promotion of the United Nation’s Agenda 21 programme by governments throughout the world have assisted in the solidification of the concept. However, Holden is quick to emphasise that ‘sustainable development is not concerned with the preservation of the physical environment but with its development on sustainable principles.’[15] In essence, sustainable development seeks to obtain a state of equilibrium between econo mical, political, cultural, social and environmental interests within a particular area. Developers should be allowed to promote new projects provided the local population benefits and environmental regulations are observed. The Brundtland report acknowledged that such development is necessary in order to alleviate poverty and reduce migration from disadvantaged regions. However, many commentators have criticised the concept of sustainability due to its ambiguity. Some feel that the principle of agencies, who often hold opposing interests, functioning in a state of equilibrium is idealistic and not practical. Sustainable Development in the Algarve The Portuguese have been determined not to overdevelop their tourist regions and emulate mistakes made by their Spanish neighbours in regions such as the Costa del Sol. Traditionally the industry has attempted to orientate itself towards the upper end of the market and avoid the deleterious effects of mass tourism. Prior to the April Revolution the government promoted tourist development in the Algarve and generous state subsidies were provided for the province. Strict design restrictions were placed on building projects as the authorities attempted to maintain the distinctive Moorish characteristics of the region. However, since the 1970s commentators such as Kaplan have been critical of ‘uncontrolled development’ and how too many developments ‘bear the marks of speculation and indifference to the shape, the feel, the colour of the land.’[16] De La Cal has also drawn attention to the ‘resulting hodge-podge of uncontrolled building’ which exists on the coastline west of Faro and may threaten to scare off many potential visitors who dislike crowded beaches and urban environments.[17] Indeed, by the 1980s many felt that the Algarve was in danger of becoming a victim of its own success and that the environmental impact of the new industry would have to be con trolled. The Portuguese government had identified 75 sites which were to be designated as protected areas as early as 1973. The Algarve hosted 8 of these sites and a culture of conservation has since been cultivated in the province. Nature reserves such as the Parque Natural do Sudouste and zones of restricted development have now been established in order to maintain the unique environment. The Plano Nacional de Turismo (1986-89) sought to develop the tourist industry in the Algarve but identified that the natural environment and traditions of the province should be maintained. The government has attempted to realise these objectives through rural tourist programmes, like in north-eastern Algarve, which has suffered from severe depopulation since the 1950s. Tourists are now encouraged to visit the villages of the interior and sample the unique culture. Controlled eco-tourism to the east of Faro and on the western Atlantic coast is intended to generate new sources of income whilst protecting wildlife and fauna. Critics of the National Plan include Lewis and Williams, who believe that economic considerations shall always take precedence in a disadvantaged region such as the Algarve, and that increased environmental and cultural degradation is inevitable.[18] Kaplan insists that the environment is merely a secondary consideration and that ‘money is arbiter’ but concedes that the beaches of the Algarve are extremely clean.[19] The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) have recently assessed the impact of tourism on the economy in the Algarve. They have concluded that the Algarve has the potential to be ‘one of Europe’s most sought after tourism destinations’ and that the province’s unique environment, heritage and culture remain largely ‘untapped.’[21] The organisation has provided a range of recommendations in order to ensure sustainable development in the region. The council suggest that leisure park facilities, such as the Aqualine theme park near Altura, should be encouraged and promoted in order to attract clientele on a year round basis. They have discovered that such facilities are popular with visitors from Portugal and neighbouring Spain. Such a localised customer base would naturally contribute greatly to the sustainability of the Algarve’s economy. However, the council concedes that Spanish tourists tend to stay for a short period and thus, spend less than northern European and American visitors. The development of ‘golf tourism’ in the region also provides the possibility of employment out with the summer peak. The agreeable climate and excellent golfing facilities of the Algarve have the potential to attract visitors during autumn and winter. The organisation has also identified the threat posed by new low-budget resorts in eastern Europe. They insist that market and product diversification is now imperative in order to maintain a thriving economy. By targeting senior travellers in northern Europe and by promoting top quality retirement accommodation in the province, the council believes that the Algarve can reduce its dependency on large scale tourist operators. This is also consistent with the Portuguese orientation towards the more exclusive end of the market. However, the council are concerned that building restrictions on the coast may be hindering development in the region and the sustainability of the tourist industry. They highlight that there is a shor tage of high quality accommodation and that it is now over 7 years since the last five star hotel development.[21] Lewis and Williams have noted the over dependency of the Algarve on visitors from the United Kingdom and how they accounted for 35% of tourists by the late 1980s.[22] The WTTC have also warned against this trend towards a dependency on the British, Dutch and German markets and recommends promotion in other potential markets. Williams and Shaw have identified that North American tourists tend to spend more during visits and it is hoped that many will be attracted to the new golfing facilities. Studies of Alpine ski resorts in France have shown that the tourist industry is more sustainable within a region if local investment and participation in the industry is permitted and encouraged. Local people tend to be more respective of the environment and conduct business in a sustainable fashion. The recent international investment in the Algarve may have been beneficial in the short term but an over dependency on foreign investment may have negative consequences. Multi-national corporations may relocate as hastily as they locate in a locality due to international market fluctuations and erratic trends in the tourist industry. Kaplan noted that ‘foreigners are investing in the land, in commerce, in tourism, in the future of Portugal at record breaking levels.’[23] However, the recent promotion of more inland cultural tourist pursuits such as wine tasting and craft fairs is encouraging. Conclusion The Algarve represents a typical tourist resort experiencing a range of conflicting interests. There are those who value the aesthetic elements of the province, such as Ellingham, Fisher and Kenyon, who complain that the ‘development and crowds overwhelm the charms that made the Algarve popular in the first place.’[24] There are also conservationists like Gordon Sillence, of the European Network for Sustainable Tourism Development, who warns of the depletion of the local ecosystem, forest and habitat of the Iberian lynx. Through impact assessment Sillence and many others are anxious about the continued level of development in the province and believe that the public authorities should do more to protect the environment. Local people and the many Portuguese who arrive in the Algarve during the summer months to work in the service sector may feel that tourism is an essential and positive factor. The WTTC also espouse this view and feel that more should be done to encourage sustainable economic development in the region. They believe that environmental protection may in fact be hindering economic sustainability. The European Union has looked favourably upon the expansion of the Portuguese tourist industry since the nation’s ascension to the Union in 1985. EU funds greatly assisted the development of infrastructure throughout the south of Portugal and galvanised the tourist sector. However, commentators have warned that since the ascension of the new eastern member states, EU funding for the Algarve will decline considerably. Clearly the Algarve is now at a crossroads in its quest for sustainable development. The WTTC have recommended that the government prepare a comprehensive plan in order to further develop the economy of the region. The organisation has also noted that the Algarve boasts some of the most beautiful and undamaged coastline in all of Europe, unlike its Spanish neighbours. Such a positive environmental factor, as well as the agreeable climate, will surely be of paramount importance as the Algarve attempts to target new tourist markets and diversify its economy in the years to come. Bibliography ANDERSON, B. ANDERSON, E. Algarve Landmark Visitor’s Guide, Landmark, 2001,  Pages: 9-10, 103 BONIFACE, B. COOPER, C. Worldwide Destinations: The Geography of Travel and Tourism, Elsevier Butterworth, Heinemann, 2005,  Pages: 228-230 DE LA CUL, M. Portugal, Collins, 1988,  Pages: 327-340 ELLINGHAM, M. FISHER, J, KENYON, G The Rough Guide to Portugal, Penguin, 2002,  Pages: iv-x, 509-572 HOLDEN, A. Environment and Tourism, Routledge, 2000,  Pages: 161-182 KAPLAN, M. The Portuguese: Land and Its People, Penguin, 1988,  Pages: 23-24, 178-179 MABBERLEY, D J. PLACITO, P J. Algarve Plants and Landscape: Passing Tradition and Ecological Change, Oxford University Press, 1993,  Pages: 219-243 MAGONE, J M. The Developing Place of Portugal in the European Union, Transaction Publishers, 2004,  Pages: 85-100 WILLIAMS, A M. SHAW, G. Tourism and Economic Development: Western European Experiences, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 1991,  Pages: 107-129 WORLD TRAVEL AND TOURISM COUNCIL. The Algarve: The Impact of Travel and Tourism on Jobs and the Economy, World Travel and Tourism Council, 2003,  Pages: 1-31 WUERPEL, C. The Algarve: Province of Portugal, David and Charles Inc, 1974,  Pages: 15-43, 162-169 Footnotes [1] A M Williams, G Shaw, Tourism and Economic Development: Western European Experiences, John Wiley and Sons, Second Edition, 1991) 108 [2] B Boniface, C Cooper, Worldwide Destinations: The Geography of Travel and Tourism, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Fourth Edition, 2005) 227 [3] M Ellinghman, J Fisher, G Kenyon, The Rough Guide to Portugal, Penguin, 2002) xi [4] B and E Anderson, Algarve: Landmark Visitors Guide, Landmark, 2001) 9 [5] C Wuerpel, The Algarve: Province of Portugal, David and charles Inc, 1974) 29 [6] B and E Anderson) 10 [7] M Ellinghman, J Fisher, G Kenyon, The Rough Guide to Portugal, Penguin, 2002) 509 [8] M De La Cal, Portugal, Collins, 1988) 327 [9] C Wuerpel) 16 [10] M Kaplan, The Portuguese: The Land and its People, Penguin, 1988) 178 [11] Wuerpel) 21 [12] D J Mabberly, P J Placito, Algarve Plants and Landscape: Passing Tradition and Ecological Change, Oxford, 1993) 236 [13] D J Mabberley, P J Placito) 234 [14] A Holden, Environment and Tourism, Routledge, 2000) 1 [15] A Holden) 165 [16] M Kaplan, The Portuguese: The Land and its People, Penguin, 1988) 178 [17] M De La Cal) 327 [18] A M Williams, G Shaw) 127 [19] M Kaplan) 179 [21] The World Travel and Tourism Council, The Algarve: The Impact of Travel and Tourism on Jobs and the Economy, 2003) 4 [21] World Travel and Tourism Council) 16 [22] A M Williams, G Shaw) 113 [23] M Kaplan) 24 [24] M Ellingham, J Fisher, G Kenyon) 509

The Biological and Psychological Drives Behind Consumerism Essay

Most of us like to think that we are reasonable, rational, and independent thinkers and actors. Thus, we believe that we have a good enough reason for our choices. However, we often erroneously buy products succumbing to strange compulsion. It is a power of consumerism. The term consumerism is defined as the tendency of people to identify strongly with products they consume, particularly of name brands and status-enhancing appeal. Then, how does the power of consumerism win over our rationality? In this situation, we pretend to regard the primary cause of the impulse consumerism is the commercial seductions. The truth, however, is that the shopping indulgences does not originate from a manipulation of the commercial advertisements, but rather a biological and psychological drive planted in every one of us. The biological and psychological drives for our consumerism are evidenced by: in order to show off, to get rid of stress, and to follow the fashion. Virginia Postrel explains about a reaction of Afghans when they get liberated after the Taliban fell. Although they are not been exposed of any â€Å"ubiquitous advertising or elaborate marketing campaigns† at all, consumerist impulses expressed as if they were â€Å"celebrating the end of tyranny by buying consumer electronics† (301). This reaction well shows the human desire aesthetic value and also the power of consumerism. In my case, the power of consumerism comes to the surface when I get to choose a product of between famous brand and no-name. I often make a decision to afford the cheaper one; and then with the profit –actually not a real profit– that I earn from buying the cheaper one, I tend to make a reasonable excuse to spend the remained money for the rest of the shopping. It i... ...ver us than we realize. I think this quotation strongly describes beyond what I have said about the internal drives of people: "I can imagine it, therefore I want it. I want it, therefore I should have it. Because I should have it, I need it. Because I need it, I deserve it. Because I deserve it, I will do anything necessary to get it." Before your consciousness being attacked directly by "imagin[g] it," first try to recognize what your internal needs are and set your limits rationally. Wanting things is perfectly human desire. However, buying material things doesn’t lead us to have a happier and more fulfilling life. The more you rely on superficial things to satisfy your needs for belonging and identity, the more dissatisfied you’re likely to be over the long run. If we cannot control ourselves, we can easily surrender to worship of consumerism and materialism.

The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Four

Ten minutes later Grace was in the Wyndham carriage, alone with the dowager, trying to remember just why she'd told Thomas he shouldn't commit his grandmother to an asylum. In the last five minutes the dowager had: Turned the carriage around. Shoved Grace out and to the ground, where she'd landed awkwardly on her right ankle. Sent the Willoughby sisters on their way without the slightest explanation. Had the Wyndham carriage brought around. Outfitted aforementioned carriage with six large footmen. Had Grace tossed inside. (The footman doing the tossing had apologized as he'd done so, but still.) â€Å"Ma'am?† Grace asked hesitantly. They were speeding along at a rate that could not be considered safe, but the dowager kept banging her walking stick against the wall, bellowing at the driver to move faster. â€Å"Ma'am? Where are we going?† â€Å"You know very well.† Grace waited one careful moment, then said, â€Å"I'm sorry, ma'am, I don't.† The dowager speared her with an angry stare. â€Å"We don't know where he is,† Grace pointed out. â€Å"We will find him.† â€Å"But, ma'am – â€Å" â€Å"Enough!† the dowager ground out. Her voice was not loud, but it contained sufficient passion to silence Grace immediately. After a moment passed, she stole a glance at the older woman. She was sitting ramrod straight – too straight, really, for a ride in the carriage, and her right hand was bent and angled like a claw, pulling back the curtain so she might see outside. Trees. That's all there was to see. Grace couldn't imagine why the dowager was staring out so intently. â€Å"If you saw him,† the dowager said, her low voice cutting into Grace's thoughts, â€Å"then he is still in the district.† Grace said nothing. The dowager wasn't looking at her, in any case. â€Å"Which means,† the icy voice continued, â€Å"that there are only a very few places he might be. Three posting inns in the vicinity. That is all.† Grace rested her forehead in her hand. It was a sign of weakness, something she usually tried not to display in front of the dowager, but there was no maintaining a stiff facade now. They were going to kidnap him. She, Grace Catriona Eversleigh, who had never so much as nicked a ha'penny ribbon from a fair, was going to be party to what had to be a high crime. â€Å"Dear Lord,† she whispered. â€Å"Shut up,† the dowager snapped, â€Å"and make yourself useful.† Grace grit her teeth. How the devil did the dowager think she could be useful? Surely any manhandling that needed doing would be performed by the footmen, each of whom stood, as per Belgrave regulations, five feet eleven inches tall. And no, she did not mistake their purpose on the journey. When she had looked askance at the dowager, the reply had been a terse, â€Å"My grandson might need convincing.† Now, the dowager growled, â€Å"Look out the window,† speaking to her as if she'd turned idiot overnight. â€Å"You got the best look at him.† Dear God, she would gratefully forfeit five years off her life just to be anywhere but inside this carriage. â€Å"Ma'am, I said – he was at the end of the drive. I didn't really see him.† â€Å"You did last night.† Grace had been trying not to look at her, but at that, she could not help but stare. â€Å"I saw you kissing him,† the dowager hissed. â€Å"And I will warn you now. Don't try to rise above your station.† â€Å"Ma'am, he kissed me.† â€Å"He is my grandson,† the dowager spat, â€Å"and he may very well be the true Duke of Wyndham, so do not be getting any ideas. You are valued as my companion, but that is all.† Grace could not find the outrage to react to the insult. Instead, she could only stare at the dowager in horror, unable to believe that she had actually spoken the words. The true Duke of Wyndham. Even the very suggestion of it was scandalous. Would she throw over Thomas so easily, strip him of his birthright, of his very name? Wyndham was not just a title Thomas held, it was who he was. But if the dowager publicly championed the highwayman as the true heir†¦dear God, Grace could not even imagine the depth of the scandal it would create. The impostor would be proven illegitimate, of course – there could be no other outcome, surely – but the damage would be done. There would always be those who whispered that maybe Thomas wasn't really the duke, that maybe he ought not be so secure in his conceits, because he wasn't truly entitled to them, was he? Grace could not imagine what this would do to him. To all of them. â€Å"Ma'am,† she said, her voice quavering slightly. â€Å"You cannot think that this man could be legitimate.† â€Å"Of course I can,† the dowager snapped. â€Å"His manners were impeccable – â€Å" â€Å"He was a highwayman!† â€Å"One with a fine bearing and perfectly correct accent,† the dowager retorted. â€Å"Whatever his current station, he was brought up properly and given a gentleman's education.† â€Å"But that does not mean – â€Å" â€Å"My son died on a boat,† the dowager interrupted, her voice hard, â€Å"after he'd spent eight months in Ireland. Eight bloody months that were supposed to be four weeks. He went to attend a wedding. A wedding.† Her body seemed to harden as she paused, her teeth grinding together at the memory. â€Å"And not even of anyone worth mentioning. Just some school friend whose parents bought themselves a title and bludgeoned their way into Eton, as if that could make them better than they were.† Grace's eyes widened. The dowager's voice had descended into a low, venomous hiss, and without even meaning to, Grace moved closer to the window. It felt toxic to be so close to her right now. â€Å"And then†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the dowager continued. â€Å"And then! All I received was a three-sentence note, written in someone else's hand, reporting that he was having such a fine time that he believed he was going to remain.† Grace blinked. â€Å"He didn't write it himself?† she asked, unsure why she found this detail so curious. â€Å"He signed it,† the dowager said brusquely. â€Å"And sealed it with his ring. He knew I couldn't decipher his scrawl.† She sat back, her face contorting with decades old anger and resentment. â€Å"Eight months,† she muttered. â€Å"Eight stupid, useless months. Who is to say he did not marry some harlot over there? He had ample time.† Grace watched her for several moments. Her nose was in the air, and she gave every indication of haughty anger, but something was not quite right. Her lips were pinching and twisting, and her eyes were suspiciously bright. â€Å"Ma'am – † Grace said gently. â€Å"Don't,† the dowager said, her voice sounding as if it might crack. Grace considered the wisdom of speaking, then decided there was too much at stake to remain silent. â€Å"Your grace, it simply cannot be,† she began, somehow maintaining her courage despite the withering expression on the dowager's face. â€Å"This is not a humble country entail. This is not Sillsby,† she added, swallowing the lump that formed in her throat at the mention of her childhood home. â€Å"We are speaking of Belgrave. Of a dukedom. Heirs apparent do not simply vanish into the mist. If your son had had a son, we would have known.† The dowager stared at her for an uncomfortably sharp moment, then said, â€Å"We will try the Happy Hare first. It is the least uncouth of all the local posting inns.† She settled back against the cushion, staring straight ahead as she said, â€Å"If he is anything like his father, he will be too fond of his comforts for anything less.† Jack was already feeling like an idiot when a sack was thrown over his head. So this was it, then. He knew he'd stayed too long. The whole ride back he'd berated himself for the fool he was. He should have left after breakfast. He should have left at dawn. But no, he had to get drunk the night before, and then he had to ride out to that bloody castle. And then he'd seen her. If he hadn't seen her, he would never have remained at the end of the drive for so long. And then he wouldn't have ridden off with such speed. And had to rest and water his mount. And he certainly wouldn't have been standing by the trough like a bloody bull's-eye when someone attacked him from behind. â€Å"Bind him,† a gruff voice said. It was enough to set every pore in his body into fighting mode. A man did not spend his life so close to the noose without preparing for those two words. It didn't matter that he couldn't see. It didn't matter that he had no idea who they were or why they'd come for him. He fought. And he knew how to fight, clean and dirty. But there were three of them at least, possibly more, and he managed only two good punches before he was facedown in the dirt, his hands yanked behind his back and bound with†¦ Well, it wasn't rope. Almost felt like silk, truth be told. â€Å"Sorry,† one of his captors mumbled, which was odd. Men in the business of tying up other men rarely thought to offer apologies. â€Å"Think nothing of it,† Jack returned, then cursed himself for his insolence. All his little quip earned him was a mouth full of burlap dust. â€Å"This way,† someone said, helping him to his feet. And Jack could do nothing but obey. â€Å"Er, if you please,† the first voice said – the one who'd ordered him bound. â€Å"Care to tell me where I'm going?† Jack inquired. There was quite a bit of hemming and hawing. Minions. These were minions. He sighed. Minions never knew the important things. â€Å"Er, can you step up?† And then, before Jack could oblige, or even say, â€Å"Beg pardon,† he was roughly hoisted into the air and tumbled into what had to be a carriage. â€Å"Put him on a seat,† a voice barked. He knew that voice. It was the old lady. His grandmother. Well, at least he wasn't off to be hanged. â€Å"Don't suppose someone will see to my horse,† Jack said. â€Å"See to his horse,† the old lady snapped. Jack allowed himself to be moved onto a seat, not a particularly easy maneuver, bound and blindfolded as he was. â€Å"Don't suppose you'll untie my hands,† he said. â€Å"I'm not stupid,† was the old lady's reply. â€Å"No,† he said with a false sigh. â€Å"I didn't think you were. Beauty and stupidity never go as hand in hand as one might wish.† â€Å"I am sorry I had to take you this way,† the old lady said. â€Å"But you left me no choice.† â€Å"No choice,† Jack mused. â€Å"Yes, of course. Because I've done so much to escape your clutches up to now.† â€Å"If you had intended to call upon me,† the old lady said sharply, â€Å"you would not have ridden off earlier this afternoon.† Jack felt himself smile mockingly. â€Å"She told you, then,† he said, wondering why he'd thought she might not. â€Å"Miss Eversleigh?† So that was her name. â€Å"She had no choice,† the old lady said dismissively, as if the wishes of Miss Eversleigh were something she rarely considered. And then Jack felt it. A slight brush of air beside him. A faint rustle of movement. She was there. The elusive Miss Eversleigh. The silent Miss Eversleigh. The delicious Miss Eversleigh. â€Å"Remove his hood,† he heard his grandmother order. â€Å"You're going to suffocate him.† Jack waited patiently, affixing a lazy smile onto his face – it was not, after all, the expression they would expect, and thus the one he most wished to display. He heard her make a noise – Miss Eversleigh, that was. It wasn't a sigh exactly, and not a groan, either. It was something he couldn't quite place. Weary resignation, perhaps. Or maybe – The hood came off, and he took a moment to savor the cool air on his face. Then he looked at her. It was mortification. That's what it had been. Poor Miss Eversleigh looked miserable. A more gracious gentleman would have turned away, but he wasn't feeling overly charitable at the moment, and so he treated himself to a lengthy perusal of her face. She was lovely, although not in any predictable manner. No English rose was she, not with that glorious dark hair and shining blue eyes that tilted up ever-so-slightly at the edges. Her lashes were dark and sooty, in stark contrast to the pale perfection of her skin. Of course, that paleness might have been a result of her extreme discomfort. The poor girl looked as if she might cast up her accounts at any moment. â€Å"Was it that bad, kissing me?† he murmured. She turned scarlet. â€Å"Apparently so.† He turned to his grandmother and said in his most conversational tone, â€Å"I hope you realize this is a hanging offense.† â€Å"I am the Duchess of Wyndham,† she replied with a haughty lift of her brow. â€Å"Nothing is a hanging offense.† â€Å"Ah, the unfairness of life,† he said with a sigh. â€Å"Wouldn't you agree, Miss Eversleigh?† She looked as if she wanted to speak. Indeed, the poor girl was most definitely biting her tongue. â€Å"Now if you were the perpetrator in this little crime,† he continued, allowing his eyes to slide insolently from her face to her bosom and back, â€Å"this would all be so very different.† Her jaw tightened. â€Å"It would be,† he murmured, allowing his gaze to fall to her lips, â€Å"rather lovely, I think. Just think – you, me, alone in this exceedingly luxurious carriage.† He sighed contentedly and sat back. â€Å"The imagination runs wild.† He waited for the old lady to defend her. She did not. â€Å"Care to share your plans for me?† he asked, propping one ankle over the opposite knee as he slouched in his seat. It wasn't an easy position to achieve, with his hands still stuck behind him, but he was damned if he'd sit up straight and polite. The old lady turned to him, her lips pinched. â€Å"Most men would not complain.† He shrugged. â€Å"I am not most men.† Then he offered a half smile and turned to Miss Eversleigh. â€Å"A rather banal rejoinder on my part, wouldn't you say? So obvious. A novice could have come up with it.† He shook his head as if disappointed. â€Å"I do hope I'm not losing my touch.† Her eyes widened. He grinned. â€Å"You think I'm mad.† â€Å"Oh, yes,† she said, and he rather enjoyed her voice again, washing warmly over him. â€Å"It's something to consider.† He turned to the old lady. â€Å"Does madness run in the family?† â€Å"Of course not,† she snapped. â€Å"Well, that's a relief. Not,† he added, â€Å"that I am acknowledging a connection. I don't believe I wish to be associated with cutthroats such as yourself. Tsk tsk. Even I have never resorted to kidnapping.† He leaned forward, as if imparting a very grave confidence to Miss Eversleigh. â€Å"It's very bad form, you know.† And he thought – oh, how lovely – that he saw her lips twitch. Miss Eversleigh had a sense of humor. She was growing more delectable by the second. He smiled at her. He knew how to do it, too. He knew exactly how to smile at a woman to make her feel it deep inside. He smiled at her. And she blushed. Which made him smile even more. â€Å"Enough,† the old lady snapped. He feigned innocence. â€Å"Of what?† He looked at her, at this woman who was most probably his grandmother. Her face was pinched and lined, the corners of her mouth pulled down by the weight of an eternal frown. She'd look unhappy even if she smiled, he thought. Even if somehow she managed to get that mouth to form a crescent in the correct direction – No, he decided. It wouldn't work. She'd never manage it. She'd probably expire from the exertion. â€Å"Leave my companion alone,† she said tersely. He leaned toward Miss Eversleigh, giving her a lopsided smile even though she was quite determinedly looking away. â€Å"Was I bothering you?† â€Å"No,† she said quickly. â€Å"Of course not.† Which couldn't have been further from the truth, but who was he to quibble? He turned back to the old lady. â€Å"You didn't answer my question.† She lifted an imperious brow. Ah, he thought, completely without humor, that was where he got the expression. â€Å"What do you plan to do with me?† he asked. â€Å"Do with you.† She repeated the words curiously, as if she found them most strange. He lifted a brow right back at her, wondering if she'd recognize the gesture. â€Å"There are a great many options.† â€Å"My dear boy,† she began. Her tone was grand. Condescending. As if he'd only needed this to realize that he ought to be licking her boots. â€Å"I'm going to give you the world.† Grace had just about managed to regain her equilibrium when the highwayman, after a lengthy and thoughtful frown, turned to the dowager and said, â€Å"I don't believe I'm interested in your world.† A bubble of horrified laughter burst forth from her throat. Oh dear heavens, the dowager looked ready to spit. Grace clamped a hand over her mouth and turned away, trying not to notice that the highwayman was positively grinning at her. â€Å"Apologies,† he said to the dowager, not sounding the least bit contrite. â€Å"But can I have her world instead?† Grace's head snapped back around in time to see him nodding in her direction. He shrugged. â€Å"I like you better.† â€Å"Are you never serious?† the dowager bit off. And then he changed. His body did not move from its slouch, but Grace could feel the air around him coiling with tension. He was a dangerous man. He hid this well with his lazy charm and insolent smile. But he was not a man to be crossed. She was sure of it. â€Å"I'm always serious,† he said, his eyes never leaving those of the dowager. â€Å"You'd do well to take note of that.† â€Å"I'm so sorry,† Grace whispered, the words slipping out before she had a chance to consider them. The gravity of the situation was bearing down on her with uncomfortable intensity. She had been so worried about Thomas and what this would all mean for him. But in that moment it was brought home to her that there were two men caught in this web. And whatever this man was, whoever he was, he did not deserve this. Perhaps he would want life as a Cavendish, with its riches and prestige. Most men would. But he deserved the choice. Everyone deserved a choice. She looked over at him then, forcing herself to bring her eyes to his face. She had been avoiding his gaze as much as she could, but her cowardice suddenly felt distasteful. He must have felt her watching him, because he turned. His dark hair fell forward over his brow, and his eyes – a spectacular shade of mossy green – grew warm. â€Å"I do like you better,† he murmured, and she thought – hoped? – that she saw a flicker of respect in his gaze. And then, quick as a blink, the moment was gone. His mouth slid into that cocky half smile and he let out a pent-up breath before saying, â€Å"It's a compliment.† It was on the tip of her tongue to say, Thank you, as ridiculous as that seemed, but then he shrugged – one shoulder only, as if that was all he could be bothered with – and added, â€Å"Of course, I would imagine that the only person I would like less than our esteemed countess – â€Å" â€Å"Duchess,† the dowager snapped. He paused, gave her a blandly haughty stare, then turned back to Grace. â€Å"As I was saying, the only person I would like less than her† – he jerked his head toward the dowager, not even honoring her with a direct glance – â€Å"would be the French menace himself, so I suppose it's not that much of a compliment, but I did want you to know that it was sincerely given.† Grace tried not to smile, but he always seemed to be looking at her as if they were sharing a joke, just the two of them, and she knew that it was making the dowager more furious by the second. A glance across the carriage confirmed this; the dowager looked even more starched and upset than usual. Grace turned back to the highwayman, as much out of self-preservation as anything else. The dowager showed every sign of an imminent tirade, but after her performance the night before, Grace knew that she was far too besotted with the idea of her long-lost grandson to make him her target. â€Å"What is your name?† Grace asked him, since it seemed the most obvious question. â€Å"My name?† Grace nodded. He turned to the dowager with an expression of great scolding. â€Å"Funny that you haven't asked me yet.† He shook his head. â€Å"Shameful manners. All the best kidnappers know their victims' names.† â€Å"I am not kidnapping you!† the dowager burst out. There was an uncomfortable moment of silence, and then his voice emerged like silk. â€Å"I misunderstand the bindings, then.† Grace looked warily at the dowager. She'd never appreciated sarcasm unless it emerged from her own lips, and she would never allow him the last word. And indeed, when she spoke, her words were clipped and stiff, and colored blue with the blood of one secure in her own superiority. â€Å"I am restoring you to your proper place in this world.† â€Å"I see,† he said slowly. â€Å"Good,† the dowager said briskly. â€Å"We are in accord, then. All that remains is for us to – â€Å" â€Å"My proper place,† he said, cutting her off. â€Å"Indeed.† â€Å"In the world.† Grace realized that she was holding her breath. She could not look away, could not take her eyes off his when he murmured, â€Å"The conceit. It's remarkable.† His voice was soft, almost thoughtful, and it cut to the bone. The dowager turned sharply toward the window, and Grace searched her face for something – anything – that might have shown her humanity, but she remained stiff and hard, and her voice betrayed no emotion when she said, â€Å"We are almost home.† They were turning down the drive, passing the very spot where Grace had seen him earlier that afternoon. â€Å"So you are,† the highwayman said, glancing out the window. â€Å"You will come to regard it as home,† the dowager stated, her voice imperious and exacting and, more than anything else, final. He did not respond. But he didn't need to. They all knew what he was thinking. Never.

The Effects of Motivation on Work

In a world of abundance filled with unmatched economic lows, there has never been a greater calling for the understanding of the effects of motivation in the workplace. We will look at motivation as the light needed to see positive change in our work life, the change necessary to improve the economic stature of our family and peers. Though motivation cannot be taught, it can be stimulated by an employer or an individual. Stimulated in a way that creates the foundation to breed and exceed expectation. To understand why motivation plays such an important role in one’s career it is clearly definite we must understand the true meaning of the word and how it works in different forms. Motivation comes from the Latin root meaning â€Å"to move† (Wade & Tavris, 2009). As if this root meaning is not enough to grasp the idea, Psychologists define motivation as the process of which a person or animal move toward a goal, or away from a negative situation (Wade & Tavris, 2009). There is no difference in the way motivation works when we are trying to achieve within the workplace or the motivation to eat when we are hungry. The force it creates is the same though the desired need is different. Motivation is also broken down into two varying factors. These two factors of motivation must be understood because they influence our mentality of achieving or more so, why we choose certain aspects of following our motivations. Intrinsic motivation is the pursuit of an activity for its own sake whereas extrinsic motivation is the pursuit for external rewards (Wade & Tavris 2009). We can see that motivation propels us in a way that we consciously and subconsciously move forward to attain what it is that we seek, and it also used to push or pull away from a situation that would be possess negative attributes to our motivations. We also know that motivation is influenced by different motives. In this research paper we will discuss motivation in the workplace, be it positive, negative, or null. We will also discuss some studies behind the thoughts of how we function mentally at work, to work, and for work. Working within a company that creates a positive mental attitude mantra is detrimental to the success of the company and well-being of the employee. Companies can launch campaigns to replicate motivation, but unless the companies approach is truly sincere and consistent the value is lost. In Douglas McGregor’s book, â€Å"The Human Side of Enterprise,† published in 1960, McGregor states that human beings have a natural dislike for work and avoid it if they can (McGregor, 2010). So if we as human beings dislike work in general, how could we ever become motivated? In Frederick Herzberg’s book, â€Å"The Motivation to Work,† Herzberg discusses how a workplace can create a motivating environment for its employees. He lists factors that result in motivation and dissatisfaction in the workplace. He calls them motivators and hygiene factors (Herzberg, 2002). We will discuss the hygiene factor later in this paper. The satisfying motivators he lists are as follows: achievements, responsibility, work itself, recognition, advancement, and growth (Herzberg, 2002). These factors provide positive motivation in the work place. His beliefs of how a company can motivate also include ideas such as when an employee shows the ability to take on more responsibility the company should honor the individual, that the company should work to utilize the full capability of the employee, and that if a person’s capabilities cannot be used the company should replace the individual to maintain the state of motivation in the staff (Herzberg, 2002). A company can try all that it can to motivate the work force, but what causes one employee to be more motivated than another in the same position. An individual’s positive motivation they bring to work each day can produce tremendous success in their career. Where does their desire come from? What makes one employee more motivated than others? These are two great questions that will assist in determining what fuels an individual to perform at work with non-motivational attempts by the company. There are several conditions that positively affect our individual motives for attaining success. One answer is goals. Goals are said to improve performance when three conditions are met: the goal must be specific, challenging yet achievable, and designed to gain what you want rather than what you don’t want (Wade & Tavris, 2009). This means when someone knows exactly what they want, as long as it isn’t ridiculously out of reach, and they work in a direction that when completed provides maximum satisfaction, one will begin to perform better. A goal is just the vehicle of motivation, the vehicle requires the fuel of motivation to reach your destination. So in essence, goals breed motivation. There are two types of goals that assist in growing as a person. A performance goal is framed to do well in front of others, be judged respectfully, and avoid criticism (Wade & Tavris, 2009). A mastery goal is designed to increase ones competency and skillset. (Wade & Tavris, 2009) When these two goals are set into motion, our motivation is called upon and we will ultimately produce further success. Another factor that will cause motivation is very definition of the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation factor (Wade & Tavris, 2009). For example, a new car, new family home, sales contest, bonus, and advancement are all attributes that require an individual to become more motivated at work and produce greater results. Also in Frederick Herzberg’s book â€Å"The Motivation to Work,† he lists factors that create motivation within an individual to succeed at work as achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement, and growth (Herzberg, 2002). Motivation from within also can spawn from self-expectancy (Wade & Tavris, 2009). When one expects to succeed, they work harder and become more motivated to work (Wade & Tavris, 2009). In direct correlation to expectations is self-efficacy. Self-efficiency is the belief that he or she is capable of producing desired results, mastering skills, and achieving goals (Wade & Tavris 2009). This too, cannot be taught. It is developed. We now see a relationship with how a company and an individual can produce motivation at work and why it is important. What we see is that it is the same basic process, but it all starts with an understanding that the person must be willing to both do and want greater results. There are also motivating factors that can discourage an employee at work. We will call this motivation, a negative motivation. As with all the factors that cause positive motivation, when their values are reversed negative motivation will occur. If there is no advancement opportunities, tasks are repetitive, the work in itself is not meaningful, there are poor relationships with superiors, or the worker does not feel appreciated then the motivation and overall mood of the individual turns awry (Herzberg, 2002). The â€Å"Hygiene Factor† we touched on earlier explains that the dissatisfaction one finds at work is a motivator buzz kill (Herzberg, 2002). He calls these dissatisfying factors hygiene because just as in health hygiene, these factors are maintenance factors (Herzberg, 2002). Maintenance factors are what we must do to avoid dissatisfaction (Herzberg, 2002). These factors include: company policy, problems with superiors, work conditions, salary, and problems with peers (Herzberg, 2002). These factors are directly related to the effect of the work environment. In summary, it seems when one has to work, to work, the mindset becomes negative about the specific job. As with detractors in the workplace, one can have detractors within themselves that are disturbing their ability to become motivated in a career. These detractors are feelings, emotions, and events in one’s personal life that are causing negative influence on their work mentality. Finances, time, family life, and lack of fulfillment are all negative factors that weigh against ones motivation. If one believes they are not following their dreams or living up to their full potential they will suffer, if one isn’t spending enough time with their family they will also suffer, and if one is struggling financially they will obviously have issues within themselves. Depression is another factor that can take away motivation. Depression causes the inability to function in several varying forms. These are just a few rationales as to why an individual may struggle to motivate themselves. When motivation is lost within the mental confines attributed to our career, whether individually or bred by the employer, one could become resistant to change, null to growth, and inconsistent in task. This makes it hard for one to complete daily tasks, yet alone go to work with the motivation achieve great results. However, motivation is a multifunctional psychological ability. Multifunctional because it can possess negative, positive, and null results. It can also produce an effect where one will work with the fear of losing their position. They will do what is necessary to maintain their status, all the while living with the fear of their comfort level changing. Working in this capacity causes a poor mental attitude both at work and at home. We have studied the multiple sides of the effects of motivation in the workplace. We found many common ideas, theories, and studies that associate both positive and negative motivation. For a workplace to provide a positive environment there are clearly defined structures to produce the desired outcome. As an individual, we must sincerely feel comfort, challenge, acceptance, and growth to become and remain in a motivated state. A tall list sure, but in order to grow as individuals these are all very important aspects that we must understand and be able to handle. In conclusion, motivation clearly affects each and every one of us in different ways, at different times, with unpredictable results.